Tag Archives: Research Paper

Tackling Your First College Writing Assignment

Written by Anna Whitaker

Picture this: it’s three weeks into the semester and you’re facing down your first college-level writing assignment. Whether this is a research paper, a Think Piece, or a narrative essay, we’ve got some handy tips and tricks to get you started!

1. Get all the details.

Knowing everything you can about the assignment is going to make things a lot easier in the long run. Details and instructions can be found in several places; usually, they are on the assignment itself in Canvas, as well as the syllabus. Don’t be afraid to reach out to your professor, either. They want to see you succeed – they know everything about the assignment (they’re the ones who made it!) and are more than willing to share the nitty gritty details with you. Here are a few things you’re going to want to know about what you’re writing:

  • Format: Does your professor want MLA, APA, or something different?
  • Genre: Is this an argumentative research paper or a lab report? Are you writing an editorial piece or a lengthy literary analysis? Understanding the assignment genre will help guide your writing.
  • Technical Details: What’s the word requirement? How many sources are you supposed to have?

2. Figure out your topic, and outline it.

This is a key component in the writing process, because without it, you’ll have no idea where you’re going or even where to start! First, you’ll want to brainstorm your topic. What are you going to write about? What appeals to you? What topic has plenty of sources available for you to draw on?

Once you’ve decided, create an outline of what you want your paper to look like. It can be as bare as three or four bullet points, or you can go in-depth with topic sentences for each paragraph and jumpstart your research process by including links to sources. Outlining looks different for everybody – the goal is to have some guidance that can (and will) evolve as you develop your paper.

3. Jump into the writing!

You can start with your introduction, or dive straight into the body paragraphs. Writing doesn’t need to be linear, so go with whatever flow works for you. Remember, your first draft isn’t going to be perfect. The first draft exists so that you can get all your thoughts onto the paper – polishing and editing comes later in the process. As you write, keep the assignment guidelines in mind; your arguments, claims, and use of evidence should align with your thesis (a statement, usually in the introduction paragraph, that makes a claim about your topic and outlines how you’re going to back up that claim).

4. Bonus points: head over to the Write Site before you submit your paper to get advice and feedback from top-tier writers and English students.

The Write Site is a free service open to all Texas Woman’s University students (undergraduate and graduate) that assists with all aspects of writing. They help with big-picture issues (such as structure and argument development) to smaller scale items (like grammar and formatting). You can submit your first first or your final draft. The Write Site can work with whatever you’ve got in a face-to-face or online appointment! Whenever you get stuck, the Write Site and its well-trained writing consultants are a great resource to utilize to help get you past any writing block you’re facing.

College writing may seem daunting at first, but you’ve got plenty of resources behind you to help get you were you need to go. Best of luck!

How to Make Your Research Work for You

Written by Meredith Pasahow

No matter what major you are in, there is an essay genre you will certainly come across at some point during your college career: the research paper. Whether this is math and science based or humanities based, every student will undoubtedly be required to write some kind of researched based essay. Oftentimes, the trickiest part is getting started with the research itself. So, in this post, we will explore some tips and tricks on how to make your research work for you.

The first thing to do is to select a database to start pulling research from. Google is all well and good, but it’s usually cluttered with clickbait and blog posts that are only tangentially related to your topic. For an academic or scholarly paper, I would recommend Google Scholar (scholar.google.com). This is a Google-based website specifically for peer reviewed articles, that automatically filters out all the internet detritus we tend to see floating around while we’re trying to find that one perfect source.

Google Scholar has a lot of fantastic features. For instance, say you’re researching women in sports as your topic and you find it. The perfect article for your paper. You love it, you want twenty more like it. Google Scholar has you covered.

You have two options to find more articles like the one you fell in love with. Cited By will give you a list of articles that have used your article as a source. Related Articles will give you more sources along the same lines as the one you like.

Google Scholar search result for a 2000 sports medicine article highlighting the “Cited by” number and “Related articles.”

            Need to do a bit of quick research but don’t have time to read everything you come across? No problem. Simply click on the star on the left-hand side…

Google Scholar search result for a 2000 sports medicine article highlighting the “Save” feature.

…and the article will be saved to your library to read at your leisure. To find these articles later, click on the My Library tab and they will all be there for you when you are ready for them.

The one feature I do not recommend with Google Scholar, as with most sites, is the citation feature.

Google Scholar search result for a 2000 sports medicine article with the “Cite” feature crossed out.

Though it is tempting to use citation machines like this, they are often out of date and do not have the current versions of MLA, APA, or whatever citation style you may need.

In terms of how to begin your research, I recommend starting broadly and narrowing your focus down from there. Sometimes, if we simply type our thesis question or main argument into a search engine, it’s too narrow for the algorithm to find anything for us. However, if we take a few steps back and look more widely at our subject, our research can often take us in unexpected directions. Sometimes we’ll find something we didn’t know we needed!

So, start, for instance, with something like “women in sports”, and then narrow it down to “women in sports Olympics” and then “when did women start participating in the Olympics”. If you’re still having trouble finding sources on your subject, try researching subjects adjacent to your subject. If you can’t find what you want on when women started participating in the Olympics, try searching “history of the Olympics” and going from there.

If you’re having trouble finding what you need on your own, I always recommend a trip to the library. We have incredibly helpful (and friendly!) research librarians who can get you pointed in the right direction. And after you’ve gathered all the research you need, it is much easier to grasp the writing of your paper.

Writing an APA Literature Review

Written by Write Site Staff

Whether you are assigned a literature review as a standalone assignment or working on it as a section of a larger research paper, the APA manual outlines the content a literature review should include and suggests methods organization.

A literature review is not just a summary – it is a critical evaluation of sources and synthesis of current research.

Content

A literature review should include more than just a summary of the information you learned from your sources. While summarizing is definitely a rhetorical component of a literature review, it should address each of the following:

  • What is the problem the researchers are attempting to solve?
  • What is the research working to change or prove?
  • What is the current state of research?
  • What is the synthesis of the investigations discussed in your sources?
  • How do the sources relate to one another? Address connections, contradictions, gaps, and inconsistencies.
  • What do you think should happen next? In what direction should the research head? What questions remain to be answered? What issues could be clarified?

Organization

Students often organize a literature review source by source, meaning that one paragraph discusses one study, the next paragraph discusses another, etc.

This type of organization is not the most rhetorically effective organizational method and can hinder the kind of critical thinking the literature review is intended to develop.

Simply put, your literature review should include the following sections:

  • Introduction: states the main topic and explains the scope of the literature review.
  • Main Body: synthesizes your sources.
  • Conclusion: summarizes the main body and identifies gaps.

APA Suggested Methods of Organizing Main Body Paragraphs

Sections by Conceptual Categories:

Your sources are likely to be investigating several aspects of the same problem. In a literature review on adolescent depression, for example, you might have a paragraph(s) discussing potential risk factors, a paragraph(s) discussing research on therapeutic options, and a paragraph(s) on the effect of pharmaceuticals. Likely, more than one source will be discussed in each section, and each source will be discussed in more than one section.

Sections by Methodological Similarities:

Group literature together based on how the researcher(s) approached the research. For example, do some of your sources use case studies, others use interviews, and others experiments? If so, this method of organization may work well for you. It allows you to present similar forms of research together, comparing and analyzing what the results mean.

Chronological / Historical Development:

This form of organization presents research chronologically, giving an idea of how the field of study has changed over time. This approach works especially well if a field has been studied over a long period of time or if there have been significant developments in the research.

TIPS:

  1. Find an organizational focus.
  2. Use quotes sparingly, and paraphrase carefully.
  3. Think in terms of synthesis rather than summary.
  4. Describe the search procedures you used.
  5. Keep your own voice!